Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.09 | May 22 2015

Novel Evidence for an Oncogenic Role of microRNA-21 in Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer
miR-21 levels were markedly upregulated in the tumors of 62 patients with colorectal cancer, 22 patients with colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC), and in a mouse model of CAC. [Gut] Abstract

Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Activation Promotes Innate Antiviral Resistance
Scientists showed that one of the most conspicuous impacts of activated intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes on intestinal epithelial cells is the functional upregulation of antiviral interferon-responsive genes, mediated by the collective actions of IFNs with other cytokines. [Nat Commun] Full Article

miR-19b Downregulates Intestinal SOCS3 to Reduce Intestinal Inflammation in Crohn’s Disease
By overexpressing or knocking down miR-19b in Caco2 cells and HT29 cells, it was experimentally validated that miR-19b is a direct regulator of SOCS3. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Increased Production of BDNF in Colonic Epithelial Cells Induced by Fecal Supernatants from Diarrheic IBS Patients
Using human Caco-2 cells, researchers found that diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) fecal supernatants (FSN) significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein levels compared to control FSN, which were remarkably suppressed by the serine protease inhibitor. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Transcriptomic Landscape of lncRNAs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Scientists performed a genome-wide transcriptome profiling of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and protein-coding genes in 96 colon pinch biopsies (inflamed and non-inflamed) extracted from multiple colonic locations from 45 patients using an expression microarray platform. [Genome Med] Full Article

Favorable Effects of Grape Seed Extract on Intestinal Epithelial Differentiation and Barrier Function in IL10-Deficient Mice
The authors evaluated the beneficial effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on colonic cell differentiation and barrier function in IL10-deficient mice. GSE supplementation decreased the number of colonic proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells, a well-known cell proliferation marker, and a weakened extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 signaling. [Br J Nutr] Abstract

Genetic Dissection of the Mom5 Modifier Locus and Evaluation of Mom5 Candidate Genes
Investigators refined the Mom5 interval and evaluated candidate genes for the Mom5 modifier of intestinal neoplasia. In silico and gene expression analyses were utilized to identify and evaluate potential candidate genes that reside within this interval. [Mamm Genome] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

A Bioassay to Measure Energy Metabolism in Mouse Colonic Crypts, Organoids and Sorted Stem Cells
Researchers developed methodology which can be modified and adapted to measure the bioenergetic profiles of colonic crypts, the basic functional unit of the colon, and colonic organoids, an ex vivo 3D culture of colonic crypts. [Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol] Abstract

Intestinal Stem Cell Markers in the Intestinal Metaplasia of Stomach and Barrett’s Esophagus
Researchers investigated the molecular characteristics of a population of cells expressing the intestinal stem cell (ISC) marker LGR5 in intestinal metaplasia by examining the expression profile of several ISC markers. [PLoS One] Full Article

Metformin Inhibits Age-Related Centrosome Amplification in Drosophila Midgut Stem Cells through AKT/TOR Pathway
The authors showed that metformin, a recognized anti-cancer drug, inhibits age- and oxidative stress-induced centrosome amplification in intestinal stem cells. [Mech Ageing Dev] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

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The Susan and Leonard Feinstein Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Center Opens at Mount Sinai
A state-of-the-art care center for patients of all ages living with inflammatory bowel disease is now open at The Mount Sinai Hospital. The Center features personalized treatments, new strategies in disease management and the chance to participate in clinical trials of the latest treatments. [Mount Sinai Hospital] Press Release

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the intestinal cell research community.

NEW Senior Associate Scientist – Inflammation Research (Amgen)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Colon Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics and Chemoprevention (Baylor Scott & White Health)

Research Associate, Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoc Position – Epidermal Stem Cell Biology (University of Copenhagen)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Principles of Cellular Processes (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Position – Genomics or Computational Genomics (Norwegian PSC research center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Homeostasis in Gut Development and Disease (Sickkids Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Transcriptional Mechanisms of Stomach and Intestinal Stem Cells (Sickkids Research Institute)

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