Human Immunology News Volume 2.38 | Oct 7 2014

A Major Population of Mucosal Memory CD4⁺ T Cells, Coexpressing IL-18Rα and DR3, Display Innate Lymphocyte Functionality
Researchers identified a major subset of memory CD4⁺ T cells at barrier surfaces that coexpress interleukin-18 receptor alpha (IL-18Rα) and death receptor-3 (DR3), and display innate lymphocyte functionality. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article

CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Mediated by Endometrial Stromal Cell-Derived TECK Promotes the Growth and Invasion of Endometriotic Lesions
The supernatant from co-cultured human endometrial stromal cells and macrophages not only induced regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation and increased Treg expression of interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β and CD73 by activating the AKT/STAT3 signaling pathway but also repressed Treg apoptosis by downregulating Fas and FasL expression and enhanced the Treg-mediated suppression of CD4⁺CD25⁻ T cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Tubulin- and Actin-Associating GIMAP4 Is Required for IFN-γ Secretion during Th Cell Differentiation
Researchers discovered that GTPase of the immunity-associated protein (GIMAP)4 regulates secretion of cytokines in early differentiating human CD4⁺ T helper (Th) lymphocytes and in particular the secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) also affecting its downstream targets. [Immunol Cell Biol] Full Article

IL-32γ Delays Spontaneous Apoptosis of Human Neutrophils through MCL-1, Regulated Primarily by the p38 MAPK Pathway
Researchers demonstrate that IL-32γ delays, in a dose-dependent manner, the spontaneous apoptosis of human blood neutrophils by activating mainly p38 MAPK through rapid p38 phosphorylation. [PLoS One]
Full Article

Elevation of MMP-9 and IDO Induced by Pancreatic Cancer Cells Mediates Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction
Natural killer (NK) cells isolated from fresh healthy peripheral blood were co-cultured with normal human pancreatic ductal cells hTERT-HPNE and human pancreatic cancer cell lines SW1990 and BxPc-3 in vitro. Then NK cell function was determined by flow cytometric analysis of surface receptors and cytotoxic granules in NK cells, NK cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of cytokines. [BMC Cancer] Abstract | Full Article

Inhibition of Human Natural Killer Cell Functional Activity by Human Aspartyl β-Hydroxylase
Scientists investigated the potential use of human aspartyl β-hydroxylase (HAAH) as an immune regulator of human natural killer (NK) cells. They assessed the effects of recombinant HAAH on primary human NK cell morphology, viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, receptors expression and cytokine/cytolytic proteins production. [Int Immunopharmacol] Abstract

Neutrophil:Lymphocyte Ratios and Serum Cytokine Changes after Hepatic Artery Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T-Cell Infusions for Liver Metastases
A Phase I hepatic immunotherapy for metastases trial tested the safety of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell hepatic artery infusions for unresectable carcinoembryonic antigen⁺ liver metastases. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

The Effect of Glatiramer Acetate Therapy on Functional Properties of B Cells from Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
The authors describe what is the previously unknown effect of glatiramer acetate therapy on B cells in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. [JAMA Neurol] Abstract

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BioNTech AG and Ganymed Pharmaceuticals AG Open New Research Headquarters in Mainz, Germany
BioNTech AG and Ganymed Pharmaceuticals AG announced the joint-opening of a new approx. 10,000 square-meter headquarters and research facility. BioNTech and Ganymed scientists will work in state-of-the-art lab space on a range of pre-clinical and clinical programs mainly in the field of highly personalized cancer therapies. [BioNTech AG] Press Release

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