Human Immunology News Volume 12.18 | May 14 2024

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    2024-05-14 | HIN 12.18


    Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 12.18 – 14 May, 2024
    TOP STORY

    A Blueprint for Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells Across Human Cancers

    Researchers compiled the blueprint of B cell heterogeneity and two dynamic differentiation pathways in human cancers, providing a fundamental reference of antibody-secreting cell differentiation trajectory for future studies.
    [Science]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract
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    The Immunoglobulin Superfamily Ligand B7H6 Subjects T Cell Responses to NK Cell Surveillance

    By screening for mediators of natural killer (NK) cell recognition on T cells, the authors identified the immunoglobulin superfamily ligand B7H6 to be highly expressed by activated T cells, including patient-infused CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells.
    [Science Immunology]

    Abstract

    Pretreatment with IL-15 and IL-18 Rescues Natural Killer Cells from Granzyme B-Mediated Apoptosis after Cryopreservation

    Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and confocal microscopy, investigators found that cryopreserved natural killer cells largely died via apoptosis initiated by leakage of granzyme B from cytotoxic vesicles.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    MYC Inhibition Potentiates CD8+ T Cells against Multiple Myeloma and Overcomes Immunomodulatory Drug Resistance

    Using bone marrow aspirates from patients with immunomodulatory drugs naïve or refractory multiple myeloma, researchers examined IKZF1/3 protein levels and IRF4/MYC gene expression following ex vivo pomalidomide treatment via flow cytometry and qPCR.
    [Clinical Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Effects of Extremely Preterm Birth on Cytokine and Chemokine Responses Induced by T Cell Activation During Infancy

    Scientists investigated the longitudinal development of functional T cell capacity in extremely preterm (EPT) infants. Increased proinflammatory responses at D28 may be related to the heightened risk of severe immune-associated complications seen in EPT infants.
    [Clinical & Translational Immunology]

    Full Article

    IL-15/IL-15Rα-FC Fusion Protein XmAb24306 Potentiates Activity of CD3 Bispecific Antibodies Through Enhancing T Cell Expansion

    Activation of human peripheral T cells by cevostamab or anti-HER2/CD3 TDB resulted in upregulation of IL-2/15Rβ receptor subunit in nearly all CD8+ and majority of CD4+ T cells, suggesting that TDB treatment may sensitize T cells to the IL-15.
    [Molecular Cancer Therapeutics]

    Abstract

    4-Octyl Itaconate Inhibits Inflammation via the NLRP3 Pathway in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

    Investigators determined the role of immune response gene-1 (IRG1) and the activation status of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in acute-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and investigated the inhibitory effects of 4-octyl itaconate on NLRP3 inflammasome activations.
    [Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology]

    Full Article

    CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing of CCR5 Combined With C46 HIV-1 Fusion Inhibitor for Cellular Resistant to R5 and X4 Tropic HIV-1

    Scientists combined an additional anti-HIV-1 therapy, which is C46, a cell membrane-anchored HIV-1 fusion inhibitor with the CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout CCR5.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Grip on T-Cells: Investigating the Viral Tapestry of Activation

    Investigators explored the mRNA expressions of key proteins correlated to T cell activation in asymptomatic carriers of human T cell Lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected patients, shedding light on early molecular events and T cell activation following HTLV-1 infection.
    [Infectious Agents and Cancer]

    Full Article
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    REVIEWS

    Atypical Chemokine Receptors in the Immune System

    The authors described the contribution of the various atypical chemokine receptors to innate and adaptive immune responses, focusing specifically on recent progress.
    [Nature Reviews Immunology]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Bispecific Antibody Takes a BiTE Out of B Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Amgen’s B-cell-depleting therapy blinatumomab (Blincyto) showed signs of efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis, found an academic-sponsored pilot trial of the CD19xCD3 bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) in six patients with the autoimmune disease.
    [Nature]

    Press Release

    The U.S. Wants to Change How Researchers Get Access to a Huge Trove of Health Data. Many Don’t Like the Idea

    Health researchers are urging the U.S. government to rethink a plan that would require them to use an in-house government system, and pay substantially more, to access a massive trove of data assembled by federal programs that support medical care for some 140 million people.
    [Science]

    Press Release

    Fate Therapeutics Announces First Lupus Patient Treated in Phase 1 Autoimmunity Study of Off-the-shelf FT819 CAR T-Cell Program

    Fate Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the first patient with systemic lupus erythematosus has been treated in the Phase I autoimmunity study of FT819, the company’s off-the-shelf, CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell program.
    [Fate Therapeutics, Inc.]

    Press Release
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