[Scientific Reports] Scientists combined an additional anti-HIV-1 therapy, which is C46, a cell membrane-anchored HIV-1 fusion inhibitor with the CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout CCR5.

[Immunology] Using live cell imaging, researchers found that CD4− iNKT cells limited growth of CD1d+ Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-infected B-lymphoblastoid spheroids in vitro, whereas CD4+ iNKT cells showed little or no direct anti-tumor activity.

[Science] Researchers compiled the blueprint of B cell heterogeneity and two dynamic differentiation pathways in human cancers, providing a fundamental reference of antibody-secreting cells differentiation trajectory for future studies.

[Clinical Cancer Research] Scientists investigated the roles of IRF4 and MYC in this context. Using bone marrow aspirates from patients with immunomodulatory drugs naïve or refractory multiple myeloma, they examined IKZF1/3 protein levels and IRF4/MYC gene expression following ex vivo pomalidomide treatment via flow cytometry and qPCR.

[Molecular Cancer Therapeutics] Researchers hypothesized that XmAb24306, a lymphoproliferative interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15 receptor α Fc-fusion protein, may potentiate the activity of T cell dependent (TDB) antibodies. Activation of human peripheral T cells by cevostamab or anti-HER2/CD3 TDB resulted in upregulation of IL-2/15Rβ receptor subunit in nearly all CD8+ and majority of CD4+ T cells, suggesting that TDB treatment may sensitize T cells to the IL-15.

[Annals Of Clinical And Translational Neurology] Investigators determined the role of immune response gene-1 (IRG1) and the activation status of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in acute-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and investigated the inhibitory effects of 4-OI on NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the IRG1–itaconic acid–NLRP3 pathway in monocytes and macrophages by using in vitro models.

[Clinical & Translational Immunology] Scientists investigated the longitudinal development of functional T cell capacity in extremely preterm (EPT) infants. Increased proinflammatory responses at D28 may be related to the heightened risk of severe immune-associated complications seen in EPT infants.

[Infectious Agents And Cancer] Investigators explored the mRNA expressions of key proteins correlated to T cell activation in asymptomatic carriers of human T cell Lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected patients, shedding light on early molecular events and T cell activation following HTLV-1 infection.

[Science] Health researchers are urging the U.S. government to rethink a plan that would require them to use an in-house government system, and pay substantially more, to access a massive trove of data assembled by federal programs that support medical care for some 140 million people.

[Nature] Amgen’s B-cell-depleting therapy blinatumomab (Blincyto) showed signs of efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis, found an academic-sponsored pilot trial of the CD19xCD3 bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) in six patients with the autoimmune disease.

[Scientific Reports] Researchers attempted to culture human liver organoids established from cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes (PHH-derived organoids), using HYDROX, a chemically defined 3D nanofiber. While the proliferative capacity of PHH-derived organoids was lost by HYDROX-culture, the gene expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes were significantly improved.

[Cell Death & Disease] Following the transplantation of human pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, or acute myeloid leukemia in immunodeficient NSG mice, investigators generated patient-derived xenograft models, which were treated with valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes loaded with antibodies to target CD19, CD7 or CD33.